10 Random Questions
Recommendations for maximal allowable trace anesthesia gases are based on
- (A) achievable levels with modern scavenging systems
- (B) data from animal studies
- (C) data on methionine synthetase levels in anesthesiologists
- (D) evidence for an association with malignancy in anesthesiologists
- (E) evidence for an association with spontaneous abortion In operating room personnel
The shorter duration of action of alfentanil relative to fentanyl is due to its
- (A) greater lipid solubility
- (B) increased clearance
- (C) increased rate of hepatic metabolism
- (D) lesser protein binding
- (E) smaller volume of distribution
Each of the following statements concerning norepinephrine is true EXCEPT:
- (A) Extraneuronal uptake is important in the termination of its activity
- (B) It is formed from dopamine
- (C) Its release is facilitated by ephedrine
- (D) Its uptake is affected by cocaine
- (E) It has minimal beta2-adrenergic activity
When the inspired gas is changed from air to 20% oxygen and 80% nitrous oxide, PaO2 increases because
- (A) increased pulmonary artery pressure perfuses alveoli that previously enhanced dead space
- (B) nitrous oxide stimulates the respiratory center
- (C) rapid absorption of nitrous oxide increases alveolar oxygen concentration
- (D) replacement of nitrogen by nitrous oxide expands atelectatic alveoli
- (E) respiratory depression from nitrous oxide shifts the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve
Which of the following fluids will restore circulating blood volume with the smallest infused volume?
- (A) Albumin 25%
- (B) Dextrose 5% in saline solution 0.45%
- (C) Hydroxyethyl starch 6%
- (D) Lactated Ringer's solution
- (E) Type-specific whole blood
In the event of a leak in the air flowmeter, which flowmeter arrangement produces the lowest risk of delivering hypoxic gas mixtures?
- (A) Air, O2, N2O
- (B) N2O, O2, Air
- (C) N2O, Air, O2
- (D) O2, Air, N2O
- (E) O2, N2O, Air
Compared with dopamine, dobutamine
- (A) is more useful in patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors because it depends on the release of norepinephrine for its effect
- (B) is more useful in patients in right heart failure because it does not increase pulmonary vascular resistance
- (C) has no positive chronotropic response
- (D) induces diuresis without increasing cardiac output
- (E) in doses greater than 10 mcg/kg/min increases systemic vascular resistance more than similar doses of dopamine
A 27-month-old, 14-kg infant with intestinal obstruction is anesthetized with nitrous oxide at 1 L/min, oxygen at 0.4 L/min, and halothane at 0.8% using a Bain circuit. Ventilation is controlled at a rate of 30/min. The child's temperature is 39°C, and the PaCO2 is 65 mmHg. Which of the following is most likely?
- (A) Malignant hyperthermia
- (B) Low gas inflow rate
- (C) Low respiratory rate
- (D) Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents
- (E) Inaccurate flowmeters
During an operation with cardiopulmonary bypass using a bubble oxygenator, the risk for systemic gas embolization increases when
- (A) a filter greater than 20 microns is used in the arterial infusion tubing
- (B) gas flow to the oxygenator is decreased below 3 L/min
- (C) the operation is a mitral valve replacement
- (D) the blood level in the oxygenator reservoir exceeds 1 liter
- (E) ventricular fibrillation occurs
An infant is delivered by forceps following labor in which variable decelerations were noted. Amniotic fluid was clear. Initial evaluation shows a cyanotic, limp infant with a heart rate of 80 bpm, poor respiratory efforts, and grimacing in response to suctioning. The most appropriate method of resuscitation for this newborn is
- (A) vigorous tactile stimulation
- (B) bag and mask ventilation with oxygen
- (C) immediate endotracheal intubation
- (D) administration of sodium bicarbonate 1 mEq/kg
- (E) volume expansion with normal saline solution 10 mL/kg