A 32-year-old man with acute aortic regurgitation is scheduled to undergo emergency aortic valve replacement. Heart rate is 110 bpm, blood pressure is 90/35 mmHg, and pulmonary artery occlusion pressure is 14 mmHg. Cardiac index is 2.2 L/min/m2. Which of the following is the most appropriate management?
(A) Administration of esmolol
(B) Administration of a fluid bolus before induction
(C) Infusion of dobutamine
(D) Infusion of phenylephrine
(E) Induction of anesthesia
E
A 55-kg, 70-year-old woman with mild chronic renal failure is unresponsive 20 hours after an uneventful coronary artery bypass grafting procedure. Anesthetic drugs included fentanyl 3000 mcg, diazepam 35 mg, and pancuronium 20 mg. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
A 29-year-old man who has been nasotracheally intubated for two weeks following a motor vehicle accident has a fever (39C) and a constant headache. Leukocyte count is 18,000/mm3. The most likely cause is
To predict the requirement for isoflurane in milliliters of vapor per minute during closed circuit anesthesia, each of the following is necessary EXCEPT
A patient with lumbar disk disease requires lumbar epidural injection of a corticosteroid for control of low back pain. Which of the following statements concerning this treatment is true?
(A) Maximum effect occurs one hour after injection
(B) Maximum effect occurs when drug concentration peaks in cerebrospinal fluid
(C) Maximum effect occurs during the acute phase of the disease
(D) The beneficial effect results primarily from sympathetic neurolysis
(E) It is contraindicated if the patient has had prior surgical procedures on the lumbar disks