A 32-year-old woman is anesthetized for suboccipital craniotomy. During positioning, the capnograph shows an abrupt decrease in the slope of the expiratory upstroke. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A previously healthy 46-year-old woman has severe substernal chest pain one hour after receiving morphine sulfate 10 mg intramuscularly for an elective cholecystectomy. Vital signs, SpO2, and findings on a five-lead ECG on the operating room monitor are within normal limits. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?
A 62-year-old man, who had a myocardial infarction three years ago, complicated by congestive heart failure and renal failure, is undergoing a colectomy. A pulmonary artery catheter demonstrates a cardiac output higher than measurements recorded during a cardiac catheterization two months after the infarction. Which of the following most likely contributes to the increased cardiac output?
(A) Creation of an arteriovenous fistula
(B) Increased hemoglobin concentration from 10 to 12 g/dL
(C) Stimulation of carotid body receptors
(D) Transcutaneous nitroglycerin
(E) Use of a beta-adrenergic blocker to prevent myocardial reinfarction
A
The most important cause of hypotension that occurs normally at initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass is
(A) hemodilution
(B) acidosis
(C) decreased flow rate
(D) vasodilation
(E) hypothermia
A
A patient receives an emergency transfusion of three units of O, Rh-negative blood for profuse hemorrhaging. If his blood type is AB, Rh-negative, which of the following is most appropriate for continuing transfusion?