10 Random Questions
A healthy, spontaneously breathing, supine, anesthetized patient has an arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tension difference of 3 mmHg. Following institution of mechanical ventilation the value increases to 12 mmHg. The most likely cause of this change is
- (A) cephalad displacement of the diaphragm
- (B) decreased production of carbon dioxide
- (C) increased cardiac output
- (D) increased shunting of blood through dependent lung zones
- (E) increased ventilation of nondependent lung zones
Which of the following statements concerning the pharmacokinetics of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants is true?
- (A) Drugs with a longer duration of action depend on the liver for excretion
- (B) Drugs with a shorter duration of action depend primarily on redistribution for recovery
- (C) Onset of action is independent of dose
- (D) Recovery rate parallels the decrease in plasma relaxant concentration
- (E) The shorter the duration of action, the faster the onset
Compared with blood anticoagulated with CPD, blood stored in CPDA-1 has
- (A) better preservation of 2,3-DPG concentration
- (B) better preservation of ATP concentration in erythrocytes
- (C) shorter erythrocyte survival
- (D) shorter shelf life
- (E) decreased platelet aggregation
A 65-year-old patient with compensated congestive heart failure undergoes resection of a large tumor of the temporal lobe. During the procedure, the brain is noted to protrude through the surgical incision. After increasing minute ventila- tion, which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
- (A) Administration of dexamethasone
- (B) Administration of furosemide
- (C) Administration of mannitol
- (D) Induction of barbiturate coma
- (E) Induction of deliberate hypotension
The increased resistance of severely burned patients to pancuronium is primarily due to
- (A) enhanced urinary excretion of pancuronium
- (B) decreased number of presynaptic cholinergic receptors
- (C) increased number of postsynaptic cholinergic receptors
- (D) increased rate of metabolism of pancuronium
- (E) increased volume of distribution of pancuronium
A 14-month-old child has tetralogy of Fallot with dynamic obstruction to right ventricular outflow. Which of the following is most likely to decrease cyanosis in this child?
- (A) Calcium
- (B) Epinephrine
- (C) Nitroglycerin
- (D) Nitroprusside
- (E) Propranolol
The preanesthetic ECG trace (lead II) shown from a 32-year-old woman suggests
- (A) potential for tachyarrhythmia
- (B) need for preanesthetic atropine
- (C) myocardial ischemia
- (D) left bundle branch block
- (E) right ventricular hypertrophy
During anesthesia with nitrous oxide 65% in oxygen, fentanyl, and pancuronium, nitroprusside is administered to decrease arterial pressure to 85/50 mmHg. A decrease in PaO2 from 120 to 65 mmHg is most likely caused by
- (A) cyanide toxicity
- (B) depressed cardiac output
- (C) mild hypercarbia
- (D) metabolic acidosis
- (E) pulmonary vasodilation
A 25-year-old man with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome has paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia with a heart rate of 200 bpm during insertion of an intramedullary rod for a femoral fracture. Duration of the QRS complex is 0.12 sec. Each of the following antidysrhythmic agents would be appropriate for use in this patient EXCEPT
- (A) lidocaine
- (B) metoprolol
- (C) procainamide
- (D) propranolol
- (E) verapamil
Block of each of the following nerves is required for inguinal herniorrhaphy EXCEPT the
- (A) genitofemoral
- (B) iliohypogastric
- (C) ilioinguinal
- (D) obturator
- (E) twelfth thoracic