10 Random Questions
At induction, the inspired concentration of a volatile anesthetic agent will approach its dialed concentration most rapidly if
- (A) the anesthetic circuit is made of rubber rather than polyethylene
- (B) the patient breathes more deeply
- (C) fresh soda lime is used
- (D) fresh gas flow rate is increased
- (E) nitrous oxide is added to the inspired gas mixture
A 66-year-old man with aortic regurgitation is brought to the operating room for aortic valve replacement after having received morphine, scopolamine premedication. PO2 is 40 mmHg in a sample of pulmonary artery blood drawn 10 minutes after the patient started breathing pure oxygen. This finding is compatible with
- (A) wedging of the catheter tip
- (B) left-to-right intracardiac shunt
- (C) increased intrapulmonary shunting
- (D) excessively depressed ventilation
- (E) normal cardiac output
A patient who has severe pain from unresectable cancer of the base of the tongue is referred for a neurolytic block. A block of which of the following will be effective?
- (A) Gasserian ganglion
- (B) Glossopharyngeal nerve
- (C) Hypoglossal nerve
- (D) Mandibular nerve
- (E) Vagus nerve
Which of the following is the most common infection transmitted through transfusion of blood products?
- (A) Epstein-Barr virus
- (B) Hepatitis B
- (C) Hepatitis C
- (D) Human immunodeficiency virus
- (E) Toxoplasmosis
A 2-year-old child has cardiac arrest during an inguinal herniorrhaphy under general anesthesia administered during a Jackson-Rees system. The graph shows end-tidal PCO2 monitored from the tip of the endotracheal tube during cardiopulmonary resuscitation; minute ventilation is unchanged. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the change beginning at the arrow?
- (A) Decreased fresh gas flow
- (B) Inadequate chest compression
- (C) Increased dead space
- (D) Restoration of cardiac output
- (E) Sampling artifact
Which of the following statements best describes the decrease in functional residual capacity that accompanies the induction of general anesthesia?
- (A) It does not change compliance
- (B) It is greater with spontaneous ventilation than with controlled ventilation
- (C) It is independent of body position
- (D) It is not corrected by application of positive end-expiratory pressure
- (E) It occurs within the first 10 minutes of anesthesia
An axillary block is administered to a 60-kg patient using 40 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine. Ten minutes after placement of the block, the patient has a seizure. Which of the following statements is true?
- (A) A low serum albumin concentration could have contributed to the occurrence of the seizure
- (B) CNS hypoperfusion is the most likely cause of the seizure
- (C) The seizure was probably secondary to an allergic reaction to the local anesthetic
- (D) The use of an equipotent dose of lidocaine rather than bupivacaine would have decreased the likelihood of
- the seizure
Which of the following will result in the largest change in oxygen content?
- (A) Increased hemoglobin (Hgb) concentration from 10 to 15 g/dl
- (B) Increased PaO2 from 40 to 50 mmHg (Hgb 15 g/dl)
- (C) Increased PaO2 from 60 to 70 mmHg (Hgb 15 g/dl)
- (D) Increased P50 of Hgb from 27 to 37 mmHg (Hgb 15 g/dl)
- (E) Increased pH from 7.20 to 7.40
A 15-kg, 3-year-old child is anesthetized for an inguinal hernia repair with halothane and nitrous oxide. The trachea is intubated after administration of succinylcholine 30 mg. At the conclusion of the 45-minute procedure, the child is not breathing; a peripheral nerve twitch monitor indicates no response to a train-of-four stimulus. Further investigation is most likely to show
- (A) abnormal response to nondepolarizing muscle relaxants
- (B) a low dibucaine number
- (C) a low plasma cholinesterase concentration
- (D) an underlying myopathy
- (E) a positive halothane-caffeine contracture test
A 45-year-old man with chronic liver failure is scheduled for liver transplantation. Which of the following preoperative findings is most likely?
- (A) Hypoxemia
- (B) Increased platelet count
- (C) Increased systemic vascular resistance
- (D) Increased serum factor VIII concentration
- (E) Metabolic alkalosis