10 Random Questions
The preanesthetic ECG trace (lead II) shown from a 32-year-old woman suggests
- (A) potential for tachyarrhythmia
- (B) need for preanesthetic atropine
- (C) myocardial ischemia
- (D) left bundle branch block
- (E) right ventricular hypertrophy
A 120-kg 56-year-old man undergoing gastrectomy during anesthesia with fentanyl and isoflurane has a PetCO2 of 35 mmHg and a PaCO2 of 50 mmHg. His FEV,/FVC ratio is 80% of predicted. Heart rate is 120 bpm and arterial blood pressure is 80/40 mmHg. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the difference in PaCO2 and PetCO2?
- (A) Aspiration pneumonitis
- (B) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- (C) Decreased cardiac output
- (D) Decreased VD/VT ratio
- (E) Increased QS/QT ratio
Compared with adults, neonates are more likely to become hypoxemic following anesthesia and extubation because of a relatively
- (A) higher rate of oxygen consumption
- (B) greater sensitivity to neuromuscular blockade
- (C) larger Vd/Vt ratio
- (D) lower blood pressure
- (E) smaller functional residual capacity
Which of the following factors is LEAST likely to affect serum ionized calcium concentration following blood transfusion?
- (A) Age of blood transfused
- (B) Amount of blood transfused
- (C) Body temperature
- (D) Serum pH
- (E) Rate of transfusion
A patient has severe hypotension, bronchospasm, and edema of the upper airway after injection of radiocontrast medium during cerebral angiography. The most appropriate immediate treatment is administration of
- (A) diphenhydramine
- (B) epinephrine
- (C) methylprednisolone
- (D) phenylephrine
- (E) ranitidine
The following changes occur during posterior cervical fusion in the prone position under halothane and nitrous oxide anesthesia with mechanical ventilation: HR 78 --> 84 with frequent PVCs; BP 110/70 --> 90/50; EtCO2 4.5% --> 2.0%; EtN2 0.12% --> 4% The most appropriate next step is to
- (A) administer lidocaine intravenously
- (B) decrease ventilatory rate
- (C) discontinue halothane
- (D) lower the patient's head
- (E) inspect the ventilator bellows
Which of the following statements concerning monitoring of neuromuscular function during general anesthesia is true?
- (A) Facial nerve electrodes underestimate recovery from block, compared with ulnar nerve electrodes
- (B) More current is required to depolarize a nerve beneath the negative electrode than beneath the positive electrode
- (C) Needle electrodes should be electrically grounded
- (D) Supramaximal voltage is 10% higher than the voltage required to elicit pain in the awake patient
- (E) The amount of neuromuscular block is underestimated if electrodes are placed on a paretic limb
A 14-month-old child has tetralogy of Fallot with dynamic obstruction to right ventricular outflow. Which of the following is most likely to decrease cyanosis in this child?
- (A) Calcium
- (B) Epinephrine
- (C) Nitroglycerin
- (D) Nitroprusside
- (E) Propranolol
Each of the following is an effect of electroconvulsive therapy EXCEPT
- (A) increased intracranial blood volume
- (B) increased oxygen consumption
- (C) inhibition of parasympathetic activity
- (D) retrograde amnesia
- (E) stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
Each of the following is a complication of celiac plexus block with 0.5% lidocaine 40 ml EXCEPT
- (A) hematuria
- (B) ileus
- (C) postural hypotension
- (D) retroperitoneal hematoma
- (E) weakness of hip flexors