A patient with lumbar disk disease requires lumbar epidural injection of a corticosteroid for control of low back pain. Which of the following statements concerning this treatment is true?
(A) Maximum effect occurs one hour after injection
(B) Maximum effect occurs when drug concentration peaks in cerebrospinal fluid
(C) Maximum effect occurs during the acute phase of the disease
(D) The beneficial effect results primarily from sympathetic neurolysis
(E) It is contraindicated if the patient has had prior surgical procedures on the lumbar disks
During laser excision of vocal cord polyps in a 5-year-old boy, dark smoke suddenly appears in the surgical field. The trachea is intubated and anesthesia is being maintained with halothane, nitrous oxide, and oxygen. The most appropriate initial step is to
The left ventricular function curve is from a young, healthy patient. If X represents the patient's myocardial function prior to anesthesia, the effect of 1 MAC of isoflurane at normocarbia is best represented by which of the following positions?
(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E
A
One hour after induction of anesthesia for a posterior fossa craniotomy using opioid, relaxant, and nitrous oxide, the brain begins to protrude through the dura. The most effective measure to decrease intracranial pressure is to