10 Random Questions
A multi-orifices right heart catheter is being positioned by EKG control prior to sitting craniotomy. The EKG tracing is obtained between the distal tip of the catheter and the right arm lead. The most appropriate next step is to
- (A) leave the catheter in place
- (B) advance the catheter 2 to 3 cm
- (C) withdraw the catheter 2 to 3 cm
- (D) remove the catheter completely
- (E) change polarity of the EKG
The MAC of a volatile anesthetic agent is greatest when administered to which of the following groups of healthy patients?
- (A) Neonates
- (B) Infants
- (C) Adolescents
- (D) Men 30 years of age
- (E) Parturients
For 30 minutes, a patient has been receiving oxygen 2 L, nitrous oxide 2 L, and halothane from an agent-specific vaporizer set at 1%. A mass spectrometer sampling gas from the patient's airway shows an end-tidal halothane concentration of 0.7%. The most likely explanation for this difference is
- (A) hyperventilation
- (B) low cardiac output
- (C) the second-gas effect
- (D) tissue solubility of halothane
- (E) vaporizer temperature less than 19°C
Which of the following statements concerning relationships among alveolar pressure, volume, and surface tension is true?
- (A) Surface tension of surfactant decreases as alveolar volume decreases
- (B) Surface tensions of water and of surfactant behave similarly as volume decreases
- (C) Changes in alveolar surface tension with volume are the same during expansion as during contraction
- (D) Pressure in the alveolus is inversely related to surface tension
- (E) Pressure in the alveolus is directly related to alveolar radius
Compared with other volatile inhalation anesthetics, desflurane has which of the following characteristics?
- (A) Equipotency to isoflurane
- (B) Greater extent of biotransformation than enflurane
- (C) Less airway irritation than halothane
- (D) Lower blood gas solubility coefficient than enflurane
- (E) Lower vapor pressure than isoflurane
Following enflurane anesthesia, serum free fluoride concentration is most likely to be increased in association with long-term use of
- (A) diazepam
- (B) ethanol
- (C) isoniazid
- (D) phenobarbital
- (E) phenytoin
A healthy 57-year-old man with a ureteral calculus is scheduled for immersion extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Which of the following statements is true?
- (A) Delivery of the shock wave is timed by the R wave of the ECG
- (B) Continuous epidural anesthesia is contraindicated because of the risk for infection
- (C) If a regional technique is used, a T10 sensory level is required for adequate anesthesia
- (D) If general anesthesia is used, high tidal volumes and low respiratory rate are preferred
- (E) Removal of the patient from the bath is accompanied by an increase in blood pressure
A healthy 24-year-old woman is undergoing knee arthroscopy with spinal anesthesia to a level of T4. Which of the following findings is LEAST likely?
- (A) Decreased heart rate
- (B) Decreased hepatic blood flow
- (C) Decreased mean arterial pressure
- (D) Decreased tidal volume
- (E) Hyperperistalsis
A 34-year-old man has hyperkalemia-induced asystole. After initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
- (A) Administration of atropine
- (B) Administration of calcium chloride
- (C) Administration of sodium bicarbonate
- (D) Transcutaneous pacing
- (E) DC countershock at 200 joules
A man with alcoholic cirrhosis and a hemoglobin concentration of 10 g/dl has an intraoperative PaO2 of 75 mmHg at an FiO2 of 0.5. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the low PaO2?
- (A) Anemia
- (B) Decreased cardiac output
- (C) Increased dead space
- (D) Intrahepatic arteriovenous shunts
- (E) Intrapulmonary arteriovenous shunts