Which of the following statements concerning propofol is true?
(A) Active metabolites can produce residual postoperative sedation
(B) It causes less cardiovascular depression than an equivalent induction dose of thiopental
(c) It causes less respiratory depression than an equivalent induction dose of thiopental
(D) It has analgesic properties
(E) The vehicle emulsion is associated with hypersensitivity reactions
E
Five minutes after intrathecal administration of tetracaine 12 mg in hyperbaric solution, a 60-year-old man has a weak hand grasp. Respirations are normal, heart rate has decreased from 80 to 45 bpm, and blood pressure has decreased from 150/80 to 90/50 mmHg. The most appropriate management at this time is
(A) administration of atropine
(B) administration of ephedrine
(C) administration of phenylephrine
(D) placement of the patient in the head-down position
A 2600-g neonate is to undergo surgical repair of a small gastroschisis. The infant is preoxygenated with 100% oxygen. Arterial hemoglobin desaturation is noted during laryngoscopy after a rapid-sequence induction. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
(A) High fetal hemoglobin concentration
(B) High ratio of oxygen consumption to functional residual capacity
(C) Low functional residual capacity in milliliters per kilogram
Measurement of mixed expired carbon dioxide concentration is necessary for the determination of
(A) dead space
(B) lung-thorax compliance
(C) physiologic shunt fraction
(D) diffusing capacity of the lungs
(E) ventilatory response to carbon dioxide
A
A 40-year-old man is scheduled for emergency laparotomy for bowel obstruction. He is nauseated but has not vomited. Which of the following drugs administered intravenously preoperatively will decrease the risk for pulmonary aspiration?
(A) Atropine
(B) Droperidol
(C) Metoclopramide
(D) Ranitidine
(E) None of the above
E
Each of the following can produce adequate analgesia for the first stage of labor EXCEPT
(A) subarachnoid morphine
(B) epidural bupivacaine
(C) pudendal block with lidocaine
(D) paracervical block with lidocaine
(E) lumbar sympathetic block with lidocaine
C
A 70-kg 61-year-old patient undergoes a four-hour resection of an abdominal aortic aneurysm during anesthesia with fentanyl and enflurane. Infrarenal clamping is required during the procedure. Twelve hours after the procedure, urine output is 15 ml/hr with a fractional sodium excretion of 6%. Which of the following is the most likely cause?