10 Random Questions
Each of the following is a characteristic of prostaglandin E1 (alprostadil) pharmacology in an infant EXCEPT:
(A) It is effective in the treatment of large left-to-right shunts
(B) It is a cause of apnea
(C) It is a potent vasodilator
(D) It prevents closure of the ductus arteriosus
(E) It is metabolized rapidly
Reveal Answer
ADVANCED
Pharmacology & Pharmacokinetics
Pediatric
A patient is hyperventilated to a PaC02 of 20 mmHg. Which of the following physiologic parameters is most likely to be increased?
(A) Airway resistance
(B) Myocardial contractility
(C) Oxygen delivery to tissues
(D) Pulmonary vascular resistance
(E) Serum ionized calcium concentration
Reveal Answer
Which of the following is an effect of metoclopramide?
(A) Decreased lower esophageal sphincter tone
(B) Decreased MAC for enflurane
(C) Extrapyramidal signs
(D) Increased gastric pH
(E) Relief of intestinal obstruction
Reveal Answer
BASIC
Pharmacology & Pharmacokinetics
Five hours after intramuscular administration of morphine 15 mg to a healthy 80-kg man, residual effects are best demonstrated by measuring the
(A) resting tidal volume
(B) resting PaC02
(C) functional residual capacity
(D) ventilatory response to rebreathing
(E) alveolar ventilation
Reveal Answer
Which of the following correctly describes the anatomical location of the brachial plexus?
(A) Adjacent to the subclavian vein as it passes between the scalene muscles
(B) Between the middle and posterior scalene muscles
(C) Posterior to the first rib
(D) Posterior to the subclavian artery
(E) Posterior to the vertebral artery
Reveal Answer
BASIC
Regional & Pain
Which of the following interventions is most effective in preventing neurologic injury resulting from global cerebral ischemia?
(A) Induction of barbiturate coma prior to ischemia
(B) Maintenance of serum glucose concentration greater than 200 mg/dl prior to ischemia
(C) Induction of hypothermia to a core temperature of 15 degrees C prior to ischemia
(D) Maintenance of PaCO2 less than 25 mmHg following ischemia
(E) Prevention of systemic hypertension following ischemia
Reveal Answer
ADVANCED
Neuro
Each of the following conditions is associated with upregulation of the acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction EXCEPT
(A) burn injuries
(B) myasthenia gravis
(C) prolonged bed rest
(D) prolonged use of neuromuscular relaxants
(E) upper motor neuron injury
Reveal Answer
BASIC
Pharmacology & Pharmacokinetics
Which of the following statements concerning pipecuronium is true?
(A) It has a faster onset than pancuronium
(B) It increases systemic vascular resistance
(C) It induces tachycardia
(D) It is eliminated by the kidney
(E) It induces histamine release
Reveal Answer
BASIC
Pharmacology & Pharmacokinetics
Inhalation induction of anesthesia is more rapid in a 6-month-old infant than in an adult because infants have
(A) greater ratio of alveolar ventilation to functional residual capacity
(B) greater ratio of blood volume to body weight
(C) greater solubility of anesthetic in blood
(D) lower anesthetic requirement
(E) lower distribution of cardiac output to vessel-rich organs
Reveal Answer
ADVANCED
Pharmacology & Pharmacokinetics
Pediatric
A 72-year-old man has massive venous hemorrhage during a radical prostatectomy. Blood pressure decreases from 110/60 to 75/30 mmHg and central venous pressure decreases from 12 to 4 mmHg. End-expiratory carbon dioxide tension decreases from 34 to 24 mmHg during constant minute ventilation. The most appropriate next step should be to
(A) apply positive end-expiratory pressure to the breathing circuit
(B) attempt to aspirate air from the central venous catheter
(C) expand intravascular volume
(D) place the patient in the Trendelenburg position
(E) turn the patient to the left lateral decubitus position
Reveal Answer
BASIC
General