10 Random Questions
Which of the following changes is most likely in the patient whose pulmonary pathology is schematically illustrated?
(A) Decreased diffusing capacity
(B) Decreased PaO2
(C) Decreased pH
(D) Increased PaCO2
(E) Increased Vd/Vt
Reveal Answer
BASIC
Respiratory & Critical Care
Each of the following affects the induction dose of thiopental EXCEPT
(A) acute ethanol intoxication
(B) chronic use of barbiturates
(C) intravascular volume
(D) rate of hepatic extraction of thiopental
(E) serum albumin concentration
Reveal Answer
BASIC
Pharmacology & Pharmacokinetics
Which of the following is the most common cause of peroneal nerve damage?
(A) Crossed legs in the supine position
(B) Lateral decubitus position
(C) Prone position
(D) Reverse Trendelenburg position
(E) Improper placement of a pelvic retractor
Reveal Answer
A 2-year-old child has cardiac arrest during an inguinal herniorrhaphy under general anesthesia administered during a Jackson-Rees system. The graph shows end-tidal PCO2 monitored from the tip of the endotracheal tube during cardiopulmonary resuscitation; minute ventilation is unchanged. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the change beginning at the arrow?
(A) Decreased fresh gas flow
(B) Inadequate chest compression
(C) Increased dead space
(D) Restoration of cardiac output
(E) Sampling artifact
Reveal Answer
ADVANCED
Equipment & Physics
Pediatric
In this diagram of a circle system, an increase in dead space is most likely to result from placement of the pressure relief valve at location
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5
Reveal Answer
BASIC
Equipment & Physics
Compared with epidural administration of hydrophilic opioids, epidural administration of lipophilic opioids is associated with
(A) earlier onset of pruritus
(B) greater motor block when combined with local anesthetics
(C) higher incidence of delayed respiratory depression
(D) lesser sensitivity to reversal of analgesia by naloxone
(E) slower onset of analgesia
Reveal Answer
ADVANCED
Pharmacology & Pharmacokinetics
Regional & Pain
With respect to mechanical ventilation, which of the following statements concerning the portion of tidal volume known as compression volume is true?
(A) It is calculated by dividing the volume of gas delivered to the patient by the peak pressure
(B) It does not contribute to the volume of gas entering the patient
(C) It is not included in the volume measured by a spirometer on the inspiratory limb
(D) It decreases with the addition of a humidifier to the breathing circuit
(E) It decreases with the addition of one-way valves at the Y connector of the breathing circuit
Reveal Answer
BASIC
Equipment & Physics
During general anesthesia with spontaneous ventilation, a patient has a VD/VT of 0.5. Which of the following is most likely to decrease the ratio?
(A) Acute bronchospasm
(B) Continuous positive airway pressure
(C) Decreased tidal volume
(D) Increased cardiac output
(E) Pulmonary embolism
Reveal Answer
BASIC
Respiratory & Critical Care
The tracing shown is from a femoral artery catheter. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?
(A) An air bubble greater than 1 ml is in the tubing
(B) The diastolic pressures is factitiously high
(C) Mean blood pressure is inaccurate
(D) The monitoring system is underdamped
(E) Systolic pressure in the aortic arch exceeds 200 mmHg
Reveal Answer
BASIC
Equipment & Physics
Prior to occlusion of any major pulmonary blood vessels during a thoracotomy, applying positive end-expiratory pressure to ventilation through the dependent lumen of a double-lumen tube and occluding the upper lumen of the tube will
(A) increase blood flow to the dependent lung
(B) increase the alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference
(C) override hypercarbic pulmonary vasoconstriction
(D) improve the patient's oxygenation
(E) increase the right ventricular dP/dt
Reveal Answer
ADVANCED
Respiratory & Critical Care