A 36-year-old woman who undergoes peritoneal dialysis for chronic renal failure requires emergency surgical exploration for bowel obstruction. Serum creatinine concentration is 9.8 mg/dl and BUN concentration is 124 mg/dl. The most likely abnormality of coagulation is
A 57-year-old man with hepatocellular disease is scheduled to undergo a colectomy for colon cancer. Preoperative laboratory studies show a plasma albumin concentration of 2.4 g/dl (normal = 3.5 to 5.5 g/dl); prothrombin time is 16 sec (control 12 sec). Which of the following statements concerning the anesthetic management of this patient is true?
In a patient receiving an epidural analgesic infusion postoperatively, clear fluid is noted to drip back freely from the epidural catheter. Each of the following findings correctly identifies the associated fluid EXCEPT
Which of the following correctly describes the anatomical location of the brachial plexus?
A healthy, 18-year-old, 65-kg woman undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy is being monitored with a properly functioning and calibrated capnograph. The end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration is 6%, and the inspired carbon dioxide concentration is 1%. This may be caused by each of the following EXCEPT
Which of the following statements concerning the pharmacokinetics of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants is true?
Which of the following perioperative interventions decreases the risk for renal insufficiency in patients undergoing aortic aneurysm repair?
A 54-year-old man receives 25 ml of a 50% alcohol and 0.25% bupivacaine solution for celiac plexus block. During the next 20 minutes, blood pressure decreases from 130/75 mmHg to 85/55 mmHg. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
A patient receives remifentanil 25 mcg just before retrobulbar block with 0.25% bupivacaine 4 mL. Over the next 10 minutes, he develops apnea and loses consciousness. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?
A 3.3-kg neonate is brought to the operating room for repair of a left diaphragmatic hernia. A 3-mm endotracheal tube is placed to a depth of 9 cm. Initial arterial blood gas values from a right radial catheter while spontaneously breathing oxygen 50% are PaO2 82 mmHg, PaCO2 41 mmHg, pH 7.33, and base excess -5. After reduction of the hernia (during closure of the abdomen), vigorous attempts to expand the atelectatic lung are unsuccessful. The infant rapidly becomes very dusky, heart rate is 60 bpm, breath sounds are distant and squeaky bilaterally, and pulmonary compliance is decreased. Which of the following should be done first?