10 Random Questions
Pancuronium blocks the bradycardic effect of fentanyl by a direct effect on
- (A) beta-adrenergic receptors
- (B) cardiac muscarinic receptors
- (C) carotid baroreceptors
- (D) central vagal nuclei
- (E) sympathetic ganglia
Epinephrine is less effective in prolonging epidural anesthesia with bupivacaine than epidural anesthesia with lidocaine because
- (A) peak bupivacaine concentrations are decreased less than peak lidocaine concentrations
- (B) the acidic pH of epinephrine decreases the concentration of the nonionized bupivacaine
- (C) bupivacaine produces more vasoconstriction than lidocaine
- (D) the duration of action of bupivacaine is independent of local blood flow
- (E) bupivacaine antagonizes the vasoconstrictor activity of epinephrine
Initiation of positive pressure mechanical ventilation is LEAST likely to decrease cardiac output in patients with which of the following conditions?
- (A) Abdominal distention with decreased lung volume
- (B) Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema
- (C) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- (D) Flail chest following an automobile accident
- (E) 20% Right pneumothorax
Which of the following statements concerning variable decelerations of fetal heart rate is true?
- (A) It indicates compression of the umbilical cord
- (B) It indicates compression of the fetal head
- (C) It indicates prematurity
- (D) It is obliterated by atropine
- (E) It occurs normally following epidural anesthesia
Which of the following findings is most likely in patients with acute transection of the spinal cord at the level of C6?
- (A) Autonomic hyperreflexia
- (B) Hyperkalemia with administration of succinylcholine
- (C) Hypotension
- (D) Increased pulmonary blood flow
- (E) Tachycardia
A 70-kg 22-year-old patient with head trauma and multiple fractures of the long bones is scheduled for fixation of bilateral femoral fractures. Preoperative laboratory studies show a serum sodium concentration of 150 mEq/L, a serum potassium concentration of 3.1 mEq/L, and a urine output greater than 500 ml/hr. Which of the following agents will decrease urine output?
- (A) 3% Saline solution
- (B) 5% Dextrose solution
- (C) Glucagon
- (D) Hydrocortisone
- (E) Vasopressin
A previously healthy 26-year-old man sustains massive soft tissue injury in a motor vehicle accident. He appears to be well for 48 hours after initial resuscitation, then develops marked tachypnea. Arterial blood gas analysis would be most likely to show which of the following values? (pH, PaCO2, PaO2, FiO2)
- (A) 7.53 60 75 .21
- (B) 7.12 25 110 .30
- (C) 7.09 60 90 .40
- (D) 7.53 25 55 .80
- (E) 7.28 40 195 .80
The figure describes the uptake of nitrous oxide 75% by individual tissue groups (VRG = vessel-rich group, MG = muscle group, FG = fat group) and their sum (total uptake, TU). Which set of labels accurately describes the curves?
- (A) 1- MG, 2- FG, 3- VRG, 4- TU
- (B) 1- VRG, 2- MG, 3- FG, 4- TU
- (C) 1- FG, 2- MG, 3- TU, 4- VRG
- (D) 1- TU, 2- FG, 3- MG, 4- VRG
- (E) 1- TU, 2- VRG, 3- MG, 4- FG
A 50-year-old patient is undergoing craniotomy for clipping of a cerebral aneurysm with isoflurane, nitrous oxide, and fentanyl anesthesia. At the time of aneurysm exposure, the EEG shows burst suppression. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
- (A) Cerebral ischemia
- (B) Cerebral vasospasm
- (C) Fentanyl effect
- (D) Isoflurane effect
- (E) Petit mal seizure activity
Following extubation after nasotracheal intubation for seven days, a 35-year-old man has fever, facial pain, nasal stuffiness, and purulent nasal secretions. The most likely cause is
- (A) eustachian tube obstruction
- (B) frontal sinusitis
- (C) maxillary sinusitis
- (D) parotiditis
- (E) retropharyngeal abscess