10 Random Questions
Which of the following findings differentiates the pickwickian syndrome from morbid obesity?
- (A) Carbon dioxide retention
- (B) Upper airway obstruction
- (C) Decreased forced expiratory volume
- (D) Increased shunt fraction
- (E) Increased functional residual capacity
Which of the following is an effect of ketorolac administered after vaginal hysterectomy?
- (A) Euphoria
- (B) Prolonged prothrombin time
- (C) Respiratory depression
- (D) Suppression of inflammation
- (E) Thrombocytopenia
Which of the following time concentration curves would be expected in arterial blood following intravenous injection of indocyanine green dye in a 3-year-old child with a small ventricular septal defect?
A rapid shallow ventilatory pattern is most energy efficient for a patient who
- (A) has a low ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to vital capacity (FEV^VC)
- (B) has a high ratio of tidal volume to vital capacity, and diminished vital capacity
- (C) has increased pulmonary compliance
- (D) is using the accessory muscles of respiration
- (E) has increased airway resistance
During an aortic aneurysm repair, end-tidal carbon dioxide tension decreases from 35 to 20 mmHg in three breaths. The most likely cause is
- (A) acute arteriovenous fistula
- (B) bronchospasm
- (C) decreased cardiac output
- (D) increased tidal volume
- (E) venous air embolism
During a craniotomy for a supratentorial tumor, a 28-year-old man receives isoflurane 0.75% in nitrous oxide 70% and oxygen. Ventilation is controlled to maintain PaCO2 at 25 mmHg. Nasopharyngeal temperature is 35.8°C. While the dura mater is open, the surgeon complains that the brain is bulging. The most appropriate management at this time is to
- (A) decrease the inspired isoflurane concentration to 0.5%
- (B) hyperventilate further to decrease PaCO2 to 20 mmHg
- (C) discontinue nitrous oxide
- (D) administer thiopental
- (E) administer additional muscle relaxants
During a cardiac arrest with effective chest compression and positive-pressure ventilation, 50 mEq of sodium bicarbonate is administered. Which of the following is the most likely result?
- (A) Decreased mixed venous pH
- (B) Decreased SpO2
- (C) Increased PetCO2
- (D) Increased plasma lactate concentration
- (E) Increased serum potassium concentration
A patient has fever and chills in the recovery room following an abdominal hysterectomy that required the intraoperative administration of whole blood 1 unit. A blood sample drawn in the recovery room shows no free hemoglobin. Subsequently, packed red blood cells 1 unit and fresh frozen plasma 1 unit are administered, and the fever and chills recur. The most likely cause of the fever and chills is
- (A) an allergic-type transfusion reaction
- (B) a hemolytic transfusion reaction to untested antibodies
- (C) bacterial contamination of blood
- (D) a reaction to leukocytes contained in the plasma
- (E) the presence of cold agglutinins in the patient
Following transfusion of packed red blood cells during general anesthesia, the patient's blood pressure decreases, heart rate and temperature increase, and hemoglobinuria and diffuse oozing are observed. Which of the following is the most appropriate first step in management?
- (A) Administration of hydrocortisone
- (B) Administration of fresh frozen plasma
- (C) Administration of epsilon-aminocaproic acid
- (D) Rapid infusion of crystalloid
- (E) Transfusion of platelet concentrates
Which of the following results in decreased mixed venous oxygen saturation?
- (A) Cardiogenic shock
- (B) Decreased metabolic rate
- (C) Increased cardiac output
- (D) Left-to-right intracardiac shunt
- (E) Pulmonary vasodilation