Which of the following shaded areas most accurately represents the dead space of a properly functioning circle system?
C
A 36-year-old woman who undergoes peritoneal dialysis for chronic renal failure requires emergency surgical exploration for bowel obstruction. Serum creatinine concentration is 9.8 mg/dl and BUN concentration is 124 mg/dl. The most likely abnormality of coagulation is
(A) decreased euglobulin lysis time
(B) decreased platelet count
(C) prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time
A 64-year-old man with diabetes mellitus well controlled with NPH insulin undergoes lower extremity revascularization. Following administration of protamine 10 mg, the patient has facial flushing and blood pressure of 60/30 mmHg. The most appropriate initial step in management is administration of which of the following drugs?
A 16-year-old child has an arterial catheter inserted prior to a potentially difficult intubation for a craniofacial operation. While awake and breathing room air, arterial blood gas values are: PaO2 134 mm Hg, PaCO2 28 mm Hg, and pH 7.45. These values can be explained by
(A) excess heparin mixed with the arterial sample
(B) a patient core temperature of 38°C
(C) excess air entrained in the syringe during sampling
(D) storing the sample at room temperature for 15 minutes before processing
Ninety minutes after administration of succinylcholine 1 mg/kg to a 28-year-old woman, the train-of-four shows a T4:T1 ratio of 25%. This is most consistent with
An 80-kg, 70-year-old woman is scheduled for a mastectomy. She has a history of congestive heart failure treated with digoxin 0.25 mg daily. Preoperative examination shows a sinus rhythm at 80 bpm and blood pressure of 110/70 mmHg. Laboratory studies show a serum potassium concentration of 4.2 mEq/L and a serum digoxin concentration of 1.5 mcg/ml. Five minutes after induction of general anesthesia, ventricular bigeminy is noted; blood pressure is 85/65 mmHg, SpO2 is 97%, and PetCO2, is 20 mmHg. Which of the following is the most appropriate management?
A 50-year-old woman with subarachnoid hemorrhage and left hemiparesis undergoes clipping of a right cerebral aneurysm. On the second postoperative day, mental status deteriorates. Blood pressure is 110/70 mmHg. A cerebral angiogram shows vasospasm. The most appropriate management is to
(A) administer dexamethasone
(B) administer mannitol
(C) administer phentolamine
(D) expand intravascular volume
(E) intubate and hyperventilate to a PaC02 of 28 mmHg