10 Random Questions
Which of the following changes is most likely in the patient whose pulmonary pathology is schematically illustrated?
- (A) Decreased diffusing capacity
- (B) Decreased PaO2
- (C) Decreased pH
- (D) Increased PaCO2
- (E) Increased Vd/Vt
Each of the following affects the induction dose of thiopental EXCEPT
- (A) acute ethanol intoxication
- (B) chronic use of barbiturates
- (C) intravascular volume
- (D) rate of hepatic extraction of thiopental
- (E) serum albumin concentration
Which of the following is the most common cause of peroneal nerve damage?
- (A) Crossed legs in the supine position
- (B) Lateral decubitus position
- (C) Prone position
- (D) Reverse Trendelenburg position
- (E) Improper placement of a pelvic retractor
A 2-year-old child has cardiac arrest during an inguinal herniorrhaphy under general anesthesia administered during a Jackson-Rees system. The graph shows end-tidal PCO2 monitored from the tip of the endotracheal tube during cardiopulmonary resuscitation; minute ventilation is unchanged. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the change beginning at the arrow?
- (A) Decreased fresh gas flow
- (B) Inadequate chest compression
- (C) Increased dead space
- (D) Restoration of cardiac output
- (E) Sampling artifact
In this diagram of a circle system, an increase in dead space is most likely to result from placement of the pressure relief valve at location
- (A) 1
- (B) 2
- (C) 3
- (D) 4
- (E) 5
Compared with epidural administration of hydrophilic opioids, epidural administration of lipophilic opioids is associated with
- (A) earlier onset of pruritus
- (B) greater motor block when combined with local anesthetics
- (C) higher incidence of delayed respiratory depression
- (D) lesser sensitivity to reversal of analgesia by naloxone
- (E) slower onset of analgesia
With respect to mechanical ventilation, which of the following statements concerning the portion of tidal volume known as compression volume is true?
- (A) It is calculated by dividing the volume of gas delivered to the patient by the peak pressure
- (B) It does not contribute to the volume of gas entering the patient
- (C) It is not included in the volume measured by a spirometer on the inspiratory limb
- (D) It decreases with the addition of a humidifier to the breathing circuit
- (E) It decreases with the addition of one-way valves at the Y connector of the breathing circuit
During general anesthesia with spontaneous ventilation, a patient has a VD/VT of 0.5. Which of the following is most likely to decrease the ratio?
- (A) Acute bronchospasm
- (B) Continuous positive airway pressure
- (C) Decreased tidal volume
- (D) Increased cardiac output
- (E) Pulmonary embolism
The tracing shown is from a femoral artery catheter. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?
- (A) An air bubble greater than 1 ml is in the tubing
- (B) The diastolic pressures is factitiously high
- (C) Mean blood pressure is inaccurate
- (D) The monitoring system is underdamped
- (E) Systolic pressure in the aortic arch exceeds 200 mmHg
Prior to occlusion of any major pulmonary blood vessels during a thoracotomy, applying positive end-expiratory pressure to ventilation through the dependent lumen of a double-lumen tube and occluding the upper lumen of the tube will
- (A) increase blood flow to the dependent lung
- (B) increase the alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference
- (C) override hypercarbic pulmonary vasoconstriction
- (D) improve the patient's oxygenation
- (E) increase the right ventricular dP/dt