10 Random Questions
A 27-year-old man with chronic renal failure is to undergo revision of an arteriovenous graft. He insists on general anesthesia. Hemodialysis was completed two hours ago, and serum potassium concentration is now 5 mEq/L. Which of the following statements concerning anesthetic management of this patient is true?
- (A) Enflurane is contraindicated
- (B) Succinylcholine is contraindicated
- (C) Neostigmine will be required in larger than usual dosage
- (D) The duration of action of atracurium will be prolonged
- (E) The duration of action of propofol will be unchanged
The gauge pressure on a cylinder of nitrous oxide
- (A) varies with the size of the cylinder
- (B) is the same for full and half-full cylinders
- (C) is the same as that of a full cylinder of oxygen if both are full
- (D) is independent of the temperature of the cylinder
- (E) reliably indicates the amount of nitrous oxide in the cylinder
One hour after induction of anesthesia for a posterior fossa craniotomy using opioid, relaxant, and nitrous oxide, the brain begins to protrude through the dura. The most effective measure to decrease intracranial pressure is to
- (A) administer additional opioid
- (B) decrease PaCO2 from 25 to 15 mmHg
- (C) drain cerebrospinal fluid
- (D) discontinue nitrous oxide
- (E) induce hypotension
A 40-year-old woman with chronic renal failure is undergoing revision of an arteriovenous shunt with general anesthesia. The capnographic waveform was obtained during spontaneous ventilation 20 minutes after administration of succinylcholine and tracheal intubation. Which of the following is the most likely cause of these findings?
- (A) Leaking endotracheal cuff
- (B) Channeling of soda lime
- (C) Light anesthesia
- (D) Metabolic acidosis
- (E) Residual neuromuscular block
A 70-year-old man with mild hypertension and aortoiliac occlusive disease is undergoing aortofemoral bypass grafting. Which of the following interventions is most effective in maintaining renal perfusion during infrarenal aortic clamping?
- (A) Infusion of dopamine at 2 mcg/kg/min
- (B) Infusion of sodium nitroprusside
- (C) Intravenous administration of furosemide
- (D) Intravenous administration of mannitol
- (E) Volume loading with crystalloid
Compared with an induction dose of thiopental (4 mg/kg), an induction dose of propofol (2.5 mg/kg) produces
- (A) better maintenance of cerebral perfusion pressure
- (B) greater inhibition of glucocorticoid production
- (C) higher incidence of myoclonus
- (D) less severe hypotension
- (E) less severe respiratory depression
Which of the following statements concerning brain stem auditory evoked responses is true?
- (A) They monitor cortical function
- (B) They are not affected by changes in PaCO2
- (C) They are not affected by mild hypothermia (34°C)
- (D) They are more resistant to anesthetic effects than somatosensory evoked responses
- (E) They are abolished coincident with flattening of the EEG
The most likely cause of this capnographic tracing obtained just after laryngoscopy and intubation is
- (A) esophageal intubation
- (B) partial obstruction of the endotracheal tube
- (C) pulmonary embolus
- (D) insertion of an endotracheal nasogastric tube
- (E) mild bronchospasm
The anesthetic concentration necessary to suppress responses to intubation without muscle relaxation is
- (A) Increased in pregnancy
- (B) increased by premedication with scopolamine
- (C) higher than the concentration required for skin incision
- (D) lower at high altitudes than at low altitudes
- (E) the same as that required for electrocautery of gut
When using a Venturi face mask with a reservoir bag
- (A) a known constant FiO2 is delivered
- (B) the reservoir bag ensures predictable FiO2 while conserving fresh gas flow
- (C) low fresh gas flows will not decrease FiO2
- (D) the system prevents hypocarbia during tachypnea
- (E) the system increases anatomic dead space