10 Random Questions
A 2.8-kg newborn undergoes repair of a moderate-sized omphalocele. Intravenous fluid is administered at 14 mL/hr. Forty-five minutes after beginning surgery and before reduction of the omphalocele, arterial blood pressure decreases from 80/40 to 55/30 mmHg. SaO2 is 98% at an FiO2 of 0.5. Breath sounds are equal bilaterally. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the decrease in blood pressure?
- (A) Associated congenital cardiac defect
- (B) Compression of the lungs by the abdominal contents
- (C) Inadequate fluid administration
- (D) Pneumothorax
- (E) Sepsis
This flow-volume loop from a 57-year-old man is most consistent with which of the following conditions?
- (A) Bronchospasm
- (B) Decreased vital capacity
- (C) Myasthenia gravis
- (D) Narrowing of the upper airway
- (E) Pneumothorax
Which of the following statements concerning cystoscopy in a patient with a spinal cord injury is true?
- (A) The risk for autonomic hyperreflexia is lower with injury below T10 than with injury above T10
- (B) Anesthesia is unnecessary if the injury is above T7
- (C) Ganglionic blockade is ineffective in preventing autonomic hyperreflexia
- (D) Spinal anesthesia is contraindicated
- (E) Bladder irrigation causes tachycardia
Phantom limb pain is an example of which of the following types of pain?
- (A) Central pain
- (B) Nociceptive pain
- (C) Psychosomatic pain
- (D) Sympathetically mediated pain
- (E) Vasospastic pain
In the elderly, scopolamine-induced delirium is
- (A) absent with doses less than 0.4 mg
- (B) decreased by physostigmine
- (C) reversible with diazepam
- (D) reversible with pyridostigmine
- (E) similar to that produced by glycopyrrolate
Perception of pain from cutaneous sources involves each of the following EXCEPT
- (A) frontal lobe gyri
- (B) lateral spinothalamic tracts
- (C) periaqueductal gray matter
- (D) spinal dorsal horn lamina V
- (E) unmyelinated C fibers
Which of the following statements best describes the decrease in functional residual capacity that accompanies the induction of general anesthesia?
- (A) It does not change compliance
- (B) It is greater with spontaneous ventilation than with controlled ventilation
- (C) It is independent of body position
- (D) It is not corrected by application of positive end-expiratory pressure
- (E) It occurs within the first 10 minutes of anesthesia
In patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy affecting the arm, which of the following findings indicates a therapeutic block?
- (A) Bradycardia
- (B) Contralateral nasal congestion
- (C) Hoarseness
- (D) Increased skin temperature
- (E) Ipsilateral Horner's syndrome
During general anesthesia administered through a circle system, the soda lime absorbant is exhausted. No fresh soda lime is available for use. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step to prevent hypercapnia in this patient?
- (A) Decreasing the dead space of the circle system
- (B) Discontinuing nitrous oxide
- (C) Increasing the fresh gas flow
- (D) Increasing tidal volume
- (E) Switching to spontaneous ventilation
The jet ventilation technique using an injector during laryngobronchoscopy relies on
- (A) air entrainment
- (B) relative density of inhaled gases
- (C) presence of an endotracheal tube
- (D) presence of spontaneous ventilation
- (E) use of helium-oxygen mixtures