10 Random Questions
In a healthy 70-kg adult, which of the following is the most likely effect of intravenous administration of morphine 10 mg on ventilatory responses?
- (A) Increased response to hypoxia and decreased response to hypercarbia
- (B) Decreased response to hypercarbia and no change in response to hypoxia
- (C) Decreased response to both hypoxia and hypercarbia
- (D) No change in response to hypercarbia and decreased response to hypoxia
- (E) No change in response to hypoxia or hypercarbia
During induction of anesthesia in a 70-year-old man with aortic stenosis, the blood pressure decreases from 140/ 80 to 70/45 mmHg as the cardiac rhythm changes from normal sinus at 70 bpm to junctional at 120 bpm. The most appropriate initial therapy would be
- (A) cardioversion
- (B) esmolol
- (C) fluid bolus
- (D) phenylephrine
- (E) verapamil
Static lung compliance is decreased by each of the following EXCEPT
- (A) pulmonary emphysema
- (B) congestive heart failure
- (C) adult respiratory distress syndrome
- (D) pulmonary fibrosis
- (E) inhalational anesthesia
The cardiovascular effects of an inhalational anesthetic are evaluated in 10 normal volunteers in the awake resting state and after 15 minutes of constant inspired concentration. Results were analyzed by t-test for paired data and are presented below as mean +/- standard deviation. Based on these data, which of the following conclusions is most valid?
- (A) A decrease in cardiac output would have been evident if more subjects were included in the study
- (B) The anesthetic decreases mean arterial pressure
- (C) The anesthetic does not cause cardiac depression
- (D) The anesthetic is unsafe for patients with coronary after disease
- (E) There is a 95% to 100% chance that the anesthetic increases heart rate
Four and one-half hours after initiation of general anesthesia for a radical hysterectomy, a 65-kg patient has a heart rate of 90 bpm, blood pressure of 100/70 mmHg, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure of 9 mmHg, and cardiac output of 2.8 L/min. Urine output has been 20 ml over the last two hours. The most appropriate next step is
- (A) administration of furosemide
- (B) administration of indigo carmine
- (C) administration of mannitol
- (D) bolus infusion of normal saline solution
- (E) infusion of dopamine in renal dose
Delirium produced by high doses of atropine can be reversed by intravenous injection of
- (A) diphenhydramine
- (B) flumazenil
- (C) naloxone
- (D) neostigmine
- (E) physostigmine
A single dose of etomidate for induction of anesthesia will cause
- (A) adrenal cortical suppression
- (B) decreased skeletal muscle tone
- (C) hypotension
- (D) increased airway reactivity
- (E) tachycardia
A delay in surgery for 24 to 48 hours for preoperative stabilization and preparation is acceptable in each of the following neonatal conditions EXCEPT
- (A) biliary atresia
- (B) diaphragmatic hernia
- (C) meningomyelocele
- (D) pyloric stenosis
- (E) tracheoesophageal fistula
Myofascial pain is an example of
- (A) a central pain state
- (B) neuropathic pain
- (C) psychogenic pain
- (D) somatic pain
- (E) visceral pain
A 75-year-old man is confused, restless, and disoriented two days after an aortic aneurysm repair. Serum sodium concentration is 112 mEq/L, serum osmolality is low, and urine is hypertonic. The most appropriate treatment is
- (A) restriction of fluid intake
- (B) administration of isotonic saline solution
- (C) administration of hypertonic (3%) saline solution
- (D) administration of spironolactone
- (E) infusion of mannitol 25 g